Glossary

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This glossary is meant to be instructive, descriptive and explanatory, not definitive nor exhaustive.  Every manufacturer, pilot and crew will use some variations on the terms described here.  If in doubt, ask your pilot or other crewmember what a term means.  Descriptions below are grouped together by function or natural association, not alphabetically.

 

A Lighter-Than-Air (LTA) aircraft has two main parts:

 

Envelope                     the lifting part of a balloon

Basket                         the load part of a balloon (gondola)

 

 

Envelope

 

Fabric                          Lightweight rep-stop nylon

Panel                           Section of fabric

Load Tape                   Load-bearing webbing, vertical or horizontal

Gore                            Panels between load tapes

Crown                                     Uppermost portion of the envelope

Equator                        Widest point of inflated envelope

Throat                          Narrow bottom portion of the envelope

Skirt                            Hangs around the burner, below the throat

Scoop/Dipper              Partial (one-sided) skirt

Maneuvering Vent            Opening used to release air (self closing)

Deflation Port              Opening made to deflate the balloon

Parachute Top             Vent and deflation port combined

 

 

Envelope Lines          (connected to the envelope)

 

Crown Line                 From very top of balloon (inside)

Deflation Line             May be flat tape ('red line') (outside)

Vent Line                     Usually light line (outside)

Pyrometer Cable   Light electrical cable (outside)

Turning Lines              Two, optional (outside)

Other Lines                  (separate from the envelope)

Inflation Harness            At inflation, fi7om load cables to truck

Drop Line                    May be used on landing, fi7om basket to ground

Other Options              Handling lines, pennants, flags, streamers

 

 

Basket

 

Superstructure             Supports the burner assembly

Wicker                        Flexible material used in baskets

Cables                         Connect envelope to basket (or uprights)

Carabineers                 Attach cables to superstructure

Quick Pins                   Attach connector blocks to superstructure

Toggle                         Handle for picking up basket

Instruments                  Pyrometer, altimeter, variometer

 

 

Fuel System

 

Burner                         Turns liquid propane into gas, which heats air in envelope

Burner Coil                 Don't get burned-, may be hot and/or delicate

Burner Valves             To control burner

Pilot Light                   Ignites burners

Propane                       Fuel - liquid in tank, vapor in air

Tanks                           Propane cylinders - 10, 15 or 20 gallon

Tank Valves                To turn on/off fuel supply

Tank Gauges                Show how much @el remains in tanks

Fuel Hoses                  Connect tanks to burners, transport propane to fire source

Connectors                  Quick-disconnect or threaded

O-Ring                        Critical part of many gas valves

 

 

Personnel

 

Pilot                            The person responsible for flight operations

Crew                           Team, which helps assemble, launches, retrieve and pack the balloon

Crew Chief                  Person responsible for crew activities

Driver                         Drives chase vehicle-, does NOT watch balloon-, watches road

Spotter                         Watches balloon, wind conditions, other balloons

Navigator                    Reads map and street signs, helps keep driver oriented

Radio Monitor             Listens for pilot-initiated radio communications

 

 

Other Terms

 

Tarpaulin                     Or tarp - to cover ground under envelope/burners

Pibal                            PI-lot BAL-loon used to show wind speed and direction

Inflator (fan)                Used to cold pack, or fill, balloon with cold air

Envelope Bag              Canvas container for envelope, skirt, and cables

Lift Gate                      Hydraulic truck tailgate (if you're lucky)

Igniter/Striker              Sparking device used to light pilot light

Hook and Pile             Closure material (also known as Velcro)

Annual                         FAA required air-worthiness inspection

Wave                           Sequential launch of balloons

'Lay Out'                      Assemble the balloon, stretch out envelope (optional)

'Go Cold'                     Use fan to inflate balloon (cold pack)

'Go Hot'                       Use burner to heat cold packed air in envelope

'Weight On'                  Crew should lean heavily on basket keeping feet on the ground

'Hands On'                   Crew should gently lay hands on the basket ready to let go or put 'weight on' at the direction of the pilot

SA                               Sensitive area - avoid landing or entering

PZ                                Prohibited zone - strenuously avoid landing or entering

Brand Names               Aerostar (formerly Raven); Balloon Works (formerly Barnes)-l Cameron, Thunder/Colt; Fantasy; Galaxy; Lindstrom; Adams; Avian-, Eagle; Head-, National- Piccard- Sernco